Hot Rolled Structural Steel Plates

Hot Rolled Structural Steel Plates are fundamental raw materials for building steel structures, heavy machinery, municipal roads and bridges. Produced in accordance with national standards GB/T 700-2006 and GB/T 1591-2018, they are classified into hot rolled plates, cold rolled plates, medium-thick plates and anti-slip checkered plates. Featuring balanced mechanical properties and excellent performance in welding, cold bending and punching, integrated Structural Steel Plates deliver continuous force transmission without splicing gaps, ideal for large-area load-bearing substrates and joint connecting plates.

HAISHENG provides a full range of thickness specifications of Hot Rolled Structural Steel Plates, customizable cutting for special-shaped parts and embedded plates, complete material mechanical test reports, and anti-corrosion processing such as painting and hot-dip galvanizing, to meet bulk steel procurement demands of steel structure, machinery and municipal projects in one stop.

1. Applicable Production Standards

GB/T 700-2006 Carbon Structural Steel

GB/T 1591-2018 Low Alloy High Strength Structural Steel

GB/T 3274 Dimension and Shape Acceptance for Carbon Structural Thick Plates

2. Core Product Features

2.1 Material & Mechanical Characteristics

Mature carbon and low alloy material series with mainstream Q235B and Q355B grades achieve balanced strength, plasticity and toughness, stable mechanical properties at room temperature, capable of bearing static loads, dynamic loads and certain temperature differences.

Integrally rolled plates feature uniform internal texture and continuous force transfer, with outstanding compression, bending and folding resistance for large-area load-bearing and enclosure substrates.

Diverse steel grades ranging from ordinary strength to high strength for selection, matching different load levels including light enclosures, heavy load-bearing and equipment pressure-bearing components.

2.2 Category & Process Differences

Hot rolled plates: Good toughness, wide thickness range, low cost, high temperature resistance and excellent on-site welding performance as the primary engineering material; covered with oxide scale and moderate dimensional precision.

Cold rolled plates: Smooth surface, tight dimensional tolerance, high flatness and superior bending performance for precision machining, stamping and decorative components; thin thickness and weaker high temperature resistance than hot rolled plates.

Derivative functional varieties: Checkered plates are anti-slip and wear-resistant for walkways and platforms; medium-thick plates target heavy-load large components; cut plates and original coil plates support flexible cutting with high material utilization.

2.3 Machining & Assembly Advantages

Comprehensive machining performance supports cutting, bending, punching, rolling, welding, polishing and coating, compatible with all steel structure fabrication processes.

Flat plates enable easy splicing, lapping and butt joint construction, matching seamlessly with section steel, tubes and fasteners for complex joints.

Flexible sizes allow whole plates to be cut into special-shaped pieces, small slabs and embedded parts with strong universality.

2.4 Environmental Adaptability

Base steel possesses decent weather resistance; after derusting, painting or hot-dip galvanizing anti-corrosion treatment, it can be applied indoors, outdoors and humid environments for long-term service.

Wide applicable temperature range: Ordinary carbon steel plates work normally between -20℃ and 350℃; special steel grades satisfy low or high temperature working conditions.

2.5 Cost Advantages & Limitations

Sufficient raw material supply, complete specifications and mass production reduce unit cost, bringing high comprehensive cost performance as the most basic general steel for steel structures.

Thin plates show weak resistance to local impact and denting; extra thick plates carry large self-weight and increase overall structural load.

Bare plates are prone to rust under exposed conditions and must be equipped with anti-corrosion treatment; strict parameter control is required for cold bending and stamping of high-strength plates to avoid cracking.

3. Application Scope of Hot Rolled Structural Steel Plates

3.1 Main Applications

Building steel structure engineering: Floor base plates, roof panels, wall panels and platform slabs; stiffeners, partition plates, head plates, connecting plates and embedded steel plates for steel columns and beams, core materials for main load-bearing and joint connections.

Equipment & machinery manufacturing: Equipment shells, bases, frames, guards, silos, mold backing plates and wear-resistant liners for construction machinery.

Enclosure & pavement platforms: Checkered plates for workshop walkways, stair treads and trench covers; ordinary plates for factory enclosures and partition baffles.

Pressure vessel & pipe accessories: Atmospheric storage tanks, water tanks, pipe heads, pipe supports and cylinder reinforcing plates for non-high pressure load-bearing components.

Municipal & bridge engineering: Bridge auxiliary backing plates, road guard boards, municipal fences, manhole cover base plates, river revetment boards and traffic facility components.

Hardware & non-standard processing: Cut into special-shaped edge closing parts, water stop plates, reinforcing plates and temporary support slabs for various non-standard spare parts.

3.2 Matching Uses by Product Category

Hot rolled medium thick plates: Mainly thick plates for heavy steel components, equipment bases, bridges, storage tanks and large load-bearing panels.

Hot rolled cut plates: Regular thin and medium thickness with high cost performance, widely used for factory beams, columns and enclosures with the largest engineering consumption.

Cold rolled thin plates: Smooth high-precision surface for precision stamping, decorative panels, electrical cabinets and light outer shells.

Checkered steel plates: Outstanding anti-slip performance dedicated to pedestrian platforms, stair treads and vehicle floor boards.

3.3 Simple Selection Tips

Prioritize hot rolled plates for load-bearing, welding and outdoor open-air working conditions;

Choose cold rolled plates for appearance requirements, precision stamping and indoor decoration scenarios;

Adopt checkered plates for pedestrian passages and anti-slip areas.

4. Full Range Performance Parameters

4.1 Main Grades & Room Temperature Mechanical Properties

4.2 General Physical Constants

Density: 7.85 g/cm³

Modulus of Elasticity: 2.06×10⁵ MPa

Poisson's Ratio: 0.3

Thermal Conductivity: 45 W/(m·K)

4.3 Thickness Classification & Standard Dimensions

Industry thickness classification

Thin plate: 0.5～3.0 mm (cold rolled / hot rolled)

Medium plate: 3.0～14.0 mm

Thick plate: 14.0～60.0 mm

Extra thick plate: ＞60 mm (heavy steel structures, equipment bases)

Standard fixed sizes

Common widths: 1000mm, 1220mm, 1500mm, 1800mm, 2000mm

Common lengths: 2000mm, 2440mm, 6000mm, 12000mm

Tolerance: Thickness ±0.3～±10%; Length & width ±5mm

Main categories & thickness range

Hot rolled cut plate: 2.0～12mm, largest consumption in construction projects

Hot rolled original plate: 12～60mm, for heavy loads, bridges, storage tanks

Cold rolled steel plate: 0.5～3.0mm, smooth high-precision surface

Checkered steel plate: 3.0～8.0mm (lenticular / diamond anti-slip pattern)

4.4 Machining Performance

Cold bending property: Q235 & Q355 support 180° cold bending with mandrel diameter ≤ 2 times plate thickness, no cracks or delamination at bending positions.

Welding property: Low carbon equivalent brings excellent weldability, compatible with manual arc welding and gas shielded welding without complex preheating.

Stamping & bending: Cold rolled sheets deliver optimal stamping performance; large-angle bending is not recommended for thick plates.

Service temperature: General carbon steel plates range from -20℃ to 350℃; Q355D/E grades for low-temperature projects with minimum resistance to ultra-low temperature.

4.5 Reference Section Mechanical Parameters

Bending section modulus rises exponentially with plate thickness

Shear strength equals 0.5～0.6 times yield strength

Thin plates are prone to local instability under compression while thick plates maintain stable compression resistance

4.6 Surface Quality & Anti-corrosion Treatment

Delivery surface status: Hot rolled with oxide scale, smooth cold rolled surface, pickled, shot blasted, sandblasted

Anti-corrosion solutions

Paint / epoxy primer: For regular indoor environments

Hot-dip galvanizing: Zinc coating thickness 60～120μm for long-term outdoor service

Shot blasting + anti-rust coating: Standard process for steel structure projects

Surface acceptance standard: Free of cracks, folds, scars, delamination and severe rust.

4.7 Application Selection Guide

✅ Suitable Scenarios Steel beam & column stiffeners, partition plates, embedded steel plates, floor base plates, equipment bases, platform slabs, stair treads, enclosure boards, bridge auxiliary plates, atmospheric storage tanks, mechanical frames.

❌ Unsuitable Scenarios Inner walls of high-pressure vessels, high temperature & high pressure pipelines, severe corrosive media (special vessel steel or stainless steel required).

Quick Selection Rules

Ordinary factories, enclosures and small fittings: Q235B hot rolled plate

Heavy-load beams and thick plates, bridges: Q355B medium & thick plate

Appearance decoration and stamping, cabinet shells: Cold rolled thin plate

Walkways, operating platforms and stairs: Anti-slip checkered plate

5. Common Specification Tables of Hot Rolled Structural Steel Plates

5.1 Hot Rolled Ordinary Steel Plate (Cut Plate / Original Plate, Q235B/Q355B)

Standard width × length sizes: 1500×6000, 1800×6000, 2000×6000, 1500×12000, 1800×12000, 2000×12000

Thin Plate 2.0~3.0mm (Enclosure, Edge Trim, Thin Plate Splicing)

Medium Plate 4.0~10mm (Largest engineering consumption, stiffeners & embedded plates)

Thick Plate 12~60mm (Heavy steel structures, bridges, equipment bases)

5.2 Cold Rolled Steel Plate (0.5～3.0mm, smooth high precision surface)

Standard sheet size: 1000×2000, 1220×2440, 1500×3000 Common thickness: 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mm Core usage: Electrical cabinet shells, stamping parts, decorative panels, precision hardware, light outer casings Feature: High dimensional accuracy, oxide-free surface, not suitable for high temperature and heavy load working conditions.

5.3 Checkered Anti-slip Steel Plate (Lenticular / Diamond Pattern, dedicated for steel platforms)

Standard size: 1500×6000, 1800×6000 Base plate thickness: 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 8.0 mm

3.0/4.0mm: Workshop walkways, simple platforms, stair treads

5.0/6.0/8.0mm: Heavy-duty platforms, truck floor plates, industrial walkways

5.4 Size & Material Selection Rules

Preferred width: 1500mm (most common, low cutting waste), 1800mm, 2000mm

Preferred length: 6000mm (general construction), 12000mm (long components whole plate usage)

Material selection standard

Ordinary factory, enclosure, embedded parts, connecting plates: Q235B

Heavy-load beams, thick plates, bridges, large steel structures: Q355B

Distinction between cut plate & original plate

Cut plate: 2–12mm, low cost, average flatness, first choice for civil & ordinary steel structures

Original plate: Thickness above 12mm, uniform internal structure, stable mechanical performance, mandatory for heavy load & bridge projects

5.5 General Weight Calculation Formula

Weight per square meter (kg/㎡) = Thickness (mm) × 7.85

Single plate total weight = Length (m) × Width (m) × Thickness (mm) × 7.85

6. HAISHENG Factory Supply Advantages

Direct supply from original factory warehouse: Self-owned plate cutting workshop with full specifications of hot rolled, cold rolled and checkered medium-thick plates in stock, no middlemen markup, obvious cost advantage for large overseas engineering projects.

Stable fast delivery: Regular thickness and width plates are fully stocked all year round, supporting batch delivery and urgent cutting of special-shaped embedded plates and stiffeners to meet tight construction schedules.

Full-process quality inspection traceability: Raw material mechanical re-inspection before warehousing, sampling during rolling and full visual inspection of finished size and appearance. Each batch is attached with complete material certificate, tensile and impact test reports, supporting third-party on-site sampling inspection for smooth overseas project acceptance.

One-stop supporting processing service: CNC cutting, bending, punching, groove cutting and hot-dip galvanizing anti-corrosion prefabrication available, matched with H-beams, I-beams, channels and high strength bolts for integrated export packaging.

Standard export packaging: Steel plates covered with film and bundled by steel strips, reinforced by wooden pallets for moisture and rust prevention, complete Chinese and English certificates and material reports for customs clearance and site acceptance.

7. Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Shall we select Q235B or Q355B plates for indoor factory enclosures?

A: Cost-effective Q235B for light enclosures and small embedded parts; high-strength Q355B medium-thick plates for heavy beam end plates, equipment bases and bridge load-bearing components.

Q: Which anti-corrosion treatment delivers longer service life for plates used in coastal open-air projects?

A: Whole plate hot-dip galvanizing is prioritized for long-term outdoor salt spray environments; sandblasting plus two layers of epoxy anti-rust primer for short-term indoor humid conditions.

Q: How to distinguish cut plates and original plates, which one to choose for heavy-load projects?

A: 2–12mm thin & medium plates are cut plates with lower price; plates over 12mm are rolled original plates with uniform internal metallographic structure and stable performance, mandatory for bridges and heavy equipment bases.

Q: Does the raised checkered pattern thickness count as load-bearing calculation thickness?

A: Only base plate thickness is adopted for structural design calculation, anti-slip protrusions are excluded from force-bearing thickness, select plates by base thickness according to load demands.

Q: Can cold rolled plates be used for equipment load-bearing bases?

A: Not recommended. Cold rolled plates feature thin thickness and weak high temperature resistance; hot rolled medium-thick plates are uniformly adopted for heavy-load bases and welded force-bearing components.